The Apgar score is the very first test given to a newborn. It occurs in the delivery or birthing room right after the baby's birth, and then is repeated 5 minutes later. The test was designed to quickly evaluate a newborn's physical condition and to see if there's an immediate need for extra medical or emergency care.
Medical practitioners combine the score for each of the five factors for the total Apgar score. This will be between 10 and 0, with 10 being the highest score possible (but is rarely obtained).